Due to the increase in the population of the earth, the need to produce animal protein is felt more than ever. On the Farmidarna site, aquaculture and especially fish farming is presented as a solution to meet people's need for protein.
The history of fish breeding in the world:
Despite the long history of breeding fish in ponds, the history of artificial reproduction of fish is short. The first step in artificial insemination was taken by the German scientist Ledwick or Webb (1784-1711).
He obtains eggs and sperm separately from the prepared female fish and mixes them together, which is the first artificial fertilization of fish eggs. In 1930, ready-made spawners were caught from natural spawning grounds and artificially fertilized.
However, the induction of spawning by injection method was started by Brazilian biologists in 1934 and then developed in Asia and North America. In 1958, silver carp and silver carp bred in earthen ponds were artificially multiplied by injecting the extract of the pituitary gland of the Maauli carp, and now, various fish are artificially propagated using artificial hormones from the pituitary gland of fishes. .
Characteristics of farmed fish:
In recent years, half of the seafood consumed by humans has been farmed fish.
In general, various aquatic animals and animals such as shrimp, pigs, etc are raised, but fish farming has a special place for the following reasons:
• Breeding fish must be fast growing and reach the expected normal weight during breeding.
• Be suitable to the taste of the people of the region and be market-friendly.
• In addition to consuming natural food, they should also eat cheap and artificial food items.
• It should be resistant and compatible with the inappropriate conditions of the physicochemical regime of water and the resulting changes.
• It should be resistant to rotting, manipulation and diseases.
• They can tolerate living in dense conditions well.
• There is a possibility of their mass reproduction.
• It is possible to prepare food and other breeding needs in the region.
In general, fish should be away from stress for breeding. Fish that are used for spawning are often not allowed to spawn at their own pace but are forced to spawn under conditions. Ovulation induction is done using human hormones.
After collecting the eggs, they are placed in the incubator for a few days until the larvae come out of the eggs. Then the larvae are transferred to small cylindrical tanks, and the water in these tanks is changed quickly so that the small larvae do not die. It is logical that the more larvae survive, the more profit the fish will reproduce.
After these larvae reach a weight of one to two grams, they are transferred to other tanks and sold to fish breeding customers.
Number of fish consumed in the world:
It is estimated that between 51 and 167 billion fish are killed annually. These fish are not only used for human consumption, but also used to feed other animals such as fish. Those who support fish farming often ignore the painful fate of the billions of fish that die every year.
Many fish are raised in farms. In general, there are several species that are cultivated more than others, such as carp, tilapia, caviar, salmon, and catfish.
Keeping fish in artificially intensive systems far from their habitat and in high population density causes these creatures to suffer. Today, we know that fish feel pain, and we are hurting these animals by the problems we create in breeding these creatures.
When the fish are transported from their ponds to the fish farming farms, they are killed on the way because they are instilled with fear. Fish get stressed and perish due to noise and high population density in the transport compartment.
Artificial light :
By using artificial light radiation, they stop the fish from sleeping so that they eat more food and gain weight faster and make more profit, which hurts these cute creatures.
When the fish are transferred to Chehai Proosh pond, the food does not reach them enough. As a result, they die.
In this article, we investigated the location of fish farming and the characteristics of farmed fish. Then we described the method of fish reproduction and after studying the statistics of killed fish, we discussed the disadvantages of fish farming from the point of view of humanity
and came to the conclusion that humans have to act according to the principle of survival in order to meet their protein needs and inevitably other creatures make him a victim of his needs.